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Meredith Juncker, PhD
Scientific Researcher
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Co-authored Articles (47)
How to Draw a Model of the Digestive System (With Pictures!)
Plus, learn how to label each organ in your digestive system drawingWhether you’re drawing the digestive system for a school project, a study guide, or just for fun, sketching out this biological diagram can help you t...
How to
Find the Number of Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
Finding the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a given element isn't as hard as it sounds. Oftentimes part of your answer will be right in front of you in the periodic table! Once you know where to look, findi...
How to
Check Water Temperature Without a Thermometer
If you need to determine the approximate temperature of water and do not have a waterproof thermometer, you can look for signs that indicate if it’s approaching or . You can also use your hand or your elbow to help ga...
How to
Measure VO2 Max
VO2 max is a measure of the maximum amount of oxygen that you use during intense physical activity. This measurement is the best indicator of aerobic endurance and cardiovascular fitness as it calculates how efficiently ...
How to Calculate Average Atomic Mass (and Use the Result)
Making sense of the numbers and how to use them Average atomic mass is not a direct measurement of a single atom. Instead, it is the average mass per atom for a typical sample of a given element. If you could measure the...
How to
Predict the Weather Without a Forecast
Generally, most of us rely on forecasts to tell us what kind of weather to expect. However, it is possible to predict the weather using your skills of observation and knowledge of weather patterns. Not only can predicti...
How to
Calculate Wavelength
Wavelength is the distance of 1 frequency wave peak to the other and is most commonly associated with the electromagnetic spectrum. Calculating wavelength is dependent upon the information you are given. If you know the ...
How to
Do Spectrophotometric Analysis
Spectrophotometry is an experimental technique that is used to measure the concentration of solutes in a specific solution by calculating the amount of light absorbed by those solutes. This technique is powerful because ...
How to
Build a Rain Gauge
Construct a DIY rain gauge with household items and our full guideIf you'd like to keep track of how much rainfall you're getting, you can either buy a rain gauge or make one for yourself. You only need a few simple mate...
How to
Calculate Fluid Pressure
When a fluid is at rest, it exerts a force perpendicular to any surface in contact with it. This force, which is due to the continuous, random motion of molecules, is known as fluid pressure. Knowing the fluid pressure i...
How to Determine Molecular & Empirical Formulas
Identify the number of atoms present in a compound with this guideThe molecular formula is an important piece of information for any chemical compound. The molecular formula tells you which atoms are present in the compo...
How to
Make Your Own Crystals
There are many ways to make your own crystals at home with just a few supplies. You can make crystals that are edible, like rock candy. You can even make beautiful gems. It makes a fun and easy science project for kids, ...
How to
Separate Salt from Water
Desalinate water at home with our guideHow do you get the salt out of saltwater? For centuries, this question has baffled sailors stranded at sea and students stranded at science fairs alike. The answer is simple —...
How to
Make Salt Crystals
Crystals can look quite magical when they appear from seemingly nowhere in a glass of water. In fact, they form from substances already dissolved in the water. Make your own salt crystal experiment, and learn how it work...
How to
Calculate Half Life
The half-life of a substance undergoing decay is the time it takes for the amount of the substance to decrease by half. It was originally used to describe the decay of radioactive elements like uranium or plutonium, but ...
How to
Separate Alcohol and Water
The process of separating alcohol from water can be done in several different ways. The most familiar method is through heating the blended liquid. Since alcohol has a lower boiling temperature than water, it will rapidl...
How to
Grow Bacteria in a Petri Dish
Ever wanted to grow bacteria for a science project or just for fun? It's surprisingly simple! All you need is some agar (a special gelatinous growing material), a number of sterilized Petri dishes, and some disgustingly ...
How to
Make a Hydrometer
Use a homemade hydrometer to measure liquid densityA hydrometer is a simple device that allows you to measure the density of various liquids relative to water. Hydrometers are used for a myriad of different purposes: the...
How to
Separate Salt and Sugar
If you accidentally add salt to your sugar bowl or sugar to your salt shaker, your best option is to pitch the mixture and start fresh. If, however, you are interested in separating salt and sugar as a scientific experi...
How to
Buy Citric Acid
Citric acid is available for purchase through many different types of stores. Where you choose to buy citric acid depends on what you plan to use it for and how much you wish to purchase. Citric acid is a weak acid natur...
